Treatments & Support

A source-linked map of current U.S. options. Approved products, clinician-mediated off-label use, investigational research, and withdrawn products are separated so their status is clear.

Leqembi

FDA traditional approval

lecanemab-irmb

Alzheimer’s disease · early stage only

An amyloid-beta-directed antibody that reduces amyloid plaques.

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What it is: An amyloid-beta-directed antibody that reduces amyloid plaques.
FDA status / limitation: FDA labeling says to initiate treatment in the mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia stage studied in trials, after confirming amyloid pathology.
Typical use: IV every two weeks initially; subcutaneous maintenance options have expanded access. A once-weekly subcutaneous starting-dose application (LEQEMBI IQLIK) had an FDA PDUFA date of August 24, 2026. Disease-modifying, not a cure.
Safety flags: Boxed warning for ARIA (brain swelling or bleeding seen on imaging). MRI monitoring and an individualized bleeding-risk discussion are essential.

FDA · Leqembi traditional approval

Kisunla

FDA approved · 2024

donanemab-azbt

Alzheimer’s disease · early stage only

An amyloid-beta-directed antibody that reduces amyloid plaques.

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What it is: An amyloid-beta-directed antibody that reduces amyloid plaques.
FDA status / limitation: FDA labeling says to initiate treatment in mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia, after confirming amyloid pathology.
Typical use: A monthly intravenous infusion. The label allows clinicians to consider stopping after amyloid plaques reach minimal levels on PET imaging.
Safety flags: Boxed ARIA warning. Baseline and scheduled MRI monitoring are required; ApoE ε4 status changes the ARIA-risk discussion.

FDA · Kisunla approval

Donepezil

FDA approved · generic / off-patent

Aricept and generics

Dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

A cholinesterase inhibitor that increases acetylcholine signaling.

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What it is: A cholinesterase inhibitor that increases acetylcholine signaling.
FDA status / limitation: FDA labeling supports use in mild, moderate, and severe Alzheimer’s disease.
Typical use: An oral option commonly used for cognitive symptoms. It may offer modest symptom support for some people but is not disease-modifying.
Safety flags: Nausea, diarrhea, appetite or weight changes, sleep disturbance, slow heart rate, and fainting risk merit medication review.

FDA prescribing information · Aricept

Rivastigmine

FDA approved · generic / off-patent

Exelon and generics

Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease dementia

A cholinesterase inhibitor that supports acetylcholine signaling.

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What it is: A cholinesterase inhibitor that supports acetylcholine signaling.
FDA status / limitation: FDA labeling covers Alzheimer’s dementia and mild-to-moderate dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease.
Typical use: Available as oral medicine or a skin patch. It is a symptom treatment, not a disease-modifying treatment.
Safety flags: Gastrointestinal effects, appetite or weight loss, slow heart rate, and patch-site reactions can matter-especially in frail people.

Alzheimer’s Association · Medicines for cognition

Galantamine

FDA approved · generic / off-patent

Razadyne and generics

Mild-to-moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

A cholinesterase inhibitor used for cognitive symptoms.

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What it is: A cholinesterase inhibitor used for cognitive symptoms.
FDA status / limitation: FDA labeling indicates it for mild-to-moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type.
Typical use: An oral symptom treatment. It is not approved for vascular, frontotemporal, or Lewy body dementia.
Safety flags: Gastrointestinal effects, reduced appetite or weight, and slow-heart-rate risk should be reviewed alongside other medicines and conditions.

FDA prescribing information · Razadyne

Zunveyl

FDA approved · 2024

benzgalantamine

Mild-to-moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

A cholinesterase-inhibitor prodrug of galantamine for cognitive symptoms.

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What it is: A cholinesterase-inhibitor prodrug of galantamine for cognitive symptoms.
FDA status / limitation: FDA approved benzgalantamine (Zunveyl) in 2024 for mild-to-moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s type in adults.
Typical use: An oral delayed-release option related to galantamine. It is a symptom treatment, not disease-modifying.
Safety flags: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, and loss of appetite are common concerns; review heart-rate and GI risks with other medicines.

FDA · Zunveyl prescribing information

Memantine

FDA approved · generic / off-patent

Namenda and generics

Moderate-to-severe dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

An NMDA-receptor antagonist used for cognitive symptoms.

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What it is: An NMDA-receptor antagonist used for cognitive symptoms.
FDA status / limitation: FDA labeling indicates memantine for moderate-to-severe dementia of the Alzheimer’s type.
Typical use: An oral option used alone or alongside a cholinesterase inhibitor. It is not disease-modifying.
Safety flags: Dizziness, headache, confusion, constipation, and kidney-function considerations are reasons to individualize the plan.

DailyMed · Memantine label

Namzaric

FDA approved · 2014 · generics available

memantine ER + donepezil · fixed-dose combination

Moderate-to-severe dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

A once-daily fixed-dose capsule combining an NMDA antagonist and a cholinesterase inhibitor.

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What it is: A once-daily fixed-dose capsule combining an NMDA antagonist and a cholinesterase inhibitor.
FDA status / limitation: FDA approved Namzaric in 2014 for patients stabilized on donepezil 10 mg (with or without memantine). AB-rated generic memantine/donepezil ER capsules are also FDA-approved.
Typical use: Simplifies two-drug regimens into one capsule (can be swallowed or sprinkled on applesauce). Not disease-modifying.
Safety flags: Combines memantine and donepezil risks (GI effects, dizziness, confusion, heart-rate effects). Adjust for severe kidney impairment per labeling.

DailyMed · Namzaric

Rexulti

FDA approved for one symptom

brexpiprazole

Agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease

An antipsychotic used for agitation; it does not treat memory loss or the underlying disease.

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What it is: An antipsychotic used for agitation; it does not treat memory loss or the underlying disease.
FDA status / limitation: FDA approved it specifically for agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease. It is not an as-needed treatment.
Typical use: Considered only after a clinician assesses pain, delirium, environment, unmet needs, and non-drug approaches.
Safety flags: Boxed warning: antipsychotics increase mortality in elderly people with dementia-related psychosis.

FDA · Rexulti approval and limitations

Auvelity

FDA approved · 2026 for Alzheimer’s agitation

dextromethorphan + bupropion · fixed-dose combination

Agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease

An oral fixed-dose combination (NMDA/sigma-1 activity plus bupropion) used for agitation; it does not treat memory loss or the underlying disease.

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What it is: An oral fixed-dose combination (NMDA/sigma-1 activity plus bupropion) used for agitation; it does not treat memory loss or the underlying disease.
FDA status / limitation: FDA approved an expanded indication on April 30, 2026 for agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease - the first non-antipsychotic approved for that use. Also FDA-approved for major depressive disorder.
Typical use: Not an as-needed treatment. Titration follows labeling; clinicians also weigh mood, blood pressure, seizure risk, and interacting medicines.
Safety flags: Common effects include dizziness and dyspepsia. Antidepressant-class warnings apply. Assess blood pressure and bipolar history before starting.

FDA · Auvelity agitation approval

Antipsychotics in severe distress

Common off-label use · not dementia-approved

for example, quetiapine or risperidone

Severe psychosis, aggression, or dangerous agitation · specialist-led

Sometimes considered for narrowly defined, severe symptoms after medical and environmental causes are assessed.

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What it is: Sometimes considered for narrowly defined, severe symptoms after medical and environmental causes are assessed.
FDA status / limitation: These medicines are not FDA-approved for dementia-related psychosis. This is different from Rexulti’s specific Alzheimer’s-agitation indication.
Typical use: When used, the clinical goal, dose, review date, and plan to reduce or stop should be explicit.
Safety flags: Class boxed warning: increased mortality in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis. Stroke and movement-related harms are additional concerns.
Access boundary: Off-label use is a clinician-mediated decision with cited risks. This atlas does not provide home-use instructions.

FDA label · Dementia-related psychosis warning

Remternetug

Phase 3 · not FDA-approved

LY3372993 · Eli Lilly

Early Alzheimer’s disease (amyloid-targeting antibody)

An investigational anti-amyloid antibody being tested to delay worsening of memory and function in early Alzheimer’s disease.

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What it is: An investigational anti-amyloid antibody being tested to delay worsening of memory and function in early Alzheimer’s disease.
FDA status / limitation: No FDA approval. TRAILRUNNER-ALZ 3 and related Phase 3 programs are underway; primary completion is estimated in the late 2020s.
Typical use: Available only in clinical trials. Not a marketed treatment.
Safety flags: Amyloid-targeting antibodies can cause ARIA (brain swelling or microbleeds). Trial monitoring includes MRI and eligibility criteria.
Access boundary: Available only in clinical trials or under labelled access programmes. Not for self-administration.

ClinicalTrials.gov · NCT06653153

Trontinemab

Phase 3 · not FDA-approved

Roche · Brainshuttle anti-amyloid

Early Alzheimer’s disease

An investigational anti-amyloid antibody designed to improve brain delivery via Roche’s Brainshuttle technology.

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What it is: An investigational anti-amyloid antibody designed to improve brain delivery via Roche’s Brainshuttle technology.
FDA status / limitation: No FDA approval. Phase 3 TRONTIER trials are underway, with results expected later in the decade.
Typical use: Clinical-trial access only until regulators review complete Phase 3 evidence.
Safety flags: Early studies reported substantial plaque clearance with relatively low ARIA rates, but Phase 3 safety is still being established.
Access boundary: Available only in clinical trials or under labelled access programmes. Not for self-administration.

BrightFocus · 2026 treatment landscape

Cobenfy (KarXT)

FDA-approved for schizophrenia · AD psychosis still Phase 3

xanomeline + trospium · fixed-dose combination

Psychosis associated with Alzheimer’s disease dementia (investigational use)

A fixed-dose muscarinic agonist/antagonist combination approved as Cobenfy for adult schizophrenia; Alzheimer’s psychosis programs (ADEPT) remain Phase 3.

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What it is: A fixed-dose muscarinic agonist/antagonist combination approved as Cobenfy for adult schizophrenia; Alzheimer’s psychosis programs (ADEPT) remain Phase 3.
FDA status / limitation: FDA approved Cobenfy for schizophrenia in 2024. It is not FDA-approved for Alzheimer’s psychosis; ADEPT readouts are expected through 2026.
Typical use: Do not assume schizophrenia approval extends to dementia-related psychosis. Alzheimer’s use remains investigational / trial-only.
Safety flags: Muscarinic side effects and interactions need specialist review. Dementia-specific safety depends on ADEPT trial results.

BMS · ADEPT-2 update

KarXT + KarX-EC

Phase 3 · not FDA-approved for Alzheimer’s

xanomeline/trospium + enteric xanomeline · investigational combination

Agitation associated with Alzheimer’s disease (ADAGIO program)

An investigational combination of KarXT (xanomeline/trospium capsules) plus KarX-EC (enteric-coated xanomeline) studied for Alzheimer’s-related agitation.

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What it is: An investigational combination of KarXT (xanomeline/trospium capsules) plus KarX-EC (enteric-coated xanomeline) studied for Alzheimer’s-related agitation.
FDA status / limitation: No FDA approval for this Alzheimer’s agitation regimen. Phase 3 ADAGIO-1/2 trials are recruiting; long-term extension ADAGIO-3 is also underway.
Typical use: Clinical-trial access only. Distinct from Cobenfy’s approved schizophrenia indication.
Safety flags: Muscarinic adverse effects and tolerability are still being defined in the ADAGIO program; not for as-needed use outside a protocol.

ClinicalTrials.gov · NCT07011732

Semaglutide (EVOKE)

Phase 3 · not FDA-approved for Alzheimer’s

Novo Nordisk · GLP-1 agonist

Early Alzheimer’s disease (cognition outcomes under study)

An oral/injectable GLP-1 medicine already used for diabetes and weight management; EVOKE Phase 3 trials are testing Alzheimer’s disease outcomes.

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What it is: An oral/injectable GLP-1 medicine already used for diabetes and weight management; EVOKE Phase 3 trials are testing Alzheimer’s disease outcomes.
FDA status / limitation: FDA-approved for other indications, but not for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s Phase 3 programs were expected to complete around 2026.
Typical use: Alzheimer’s dosing and benefit are unproven outside trials. Existing diabetes/obesity approvals do not equal a dementia indication.
Safety flags: GLP-1 class effects (GI symptoms, gallbladder risk, boxed warnings on some labels) still apply; Alzheimer’s-specific risks are under study.
Access boundary: Available only in clinical trials or under labelled access programmes. Not for self-administration.

ClinicalTrials.gov · EVOKE program search

Lewy body / Parkinson’s dementia care

No FDA disease-modifying treatment

symptom-specific treatment

Dementia with Lewy bodies; Parkinson’s disease dementia

Care is tailored to cognition, movement, sleep, hallucinations, and blood-pressure changes.

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What it is: Care is tailored to cognition, movement, sleep, hallucinations, and blood-pressure changes.
FDA status / limitation: Rivastigmine has an FDA indication for Parkinson’s disease dementia. There is no FDA disease-modifying treatment for dementia with Lewy bodies.
Typical use: Medication choices are usually made with a clinician experienced in Lewy body conditions.
Safety flags: Antipsychotics can trigger severe sensitivity reactions in Lewy body dementia.
Access boundary: Off-label use is a clinician-mediated decision with cited risks. This atlas does not provide home-use instructions.

Alzheimer’s Association · Dementia with Lewy bodies

Vascular and frontotemporal dementia care

No FDA cognitive treatment approved

condition-specific management

Vascular cognitive impairment; frontotemporal dementia

Management focuses on the diagnosed condition, symptoms, safety, and-in some cases-vascular or psychiatric care for separate indications.

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What it is: Management focuses on the diagnosed condition, symptoms, safety, and-in some cases-vascular or psychiatric care for separate indications.
FDA status / limitation: There is no FDA-approved medicine specifically for cognitive symptoms of vascular dementia or frontotemporal dementia.
Typical use: A care team may address blood pressure, diabetes, stroke prevention, mood, sleep, or behavior where individually indicated.
Safety flags: Treating the wrong dementia subtype can add harm without benefit.
Access boundary: Off-label use is a clinician-mediated decision with cited risks. This atlas does not provide home-use instructions.

Review · no FDA-approved medicines for FTD

Aduhelm

FDA approval withdrawn · 2024

aducanumab-avwa

Former Alzheimer’s disease accelerated approval

An amyloid-beta-directed antibody that was previously marketed for Alzheimer’s disease.

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What it is: An amyloid-beta-directed antibody that was previously marketed for Alzheimer’s disease.
FDA status / limitation: FDA lists the Alzheimer’s indication as withdrawn effective November 1, 2024; it is no longer FDA-approved for that indication.
Typical use: Historical context, not a current treatment option in the United States.
Safety flags: Do not confuse a past approval with present availability or appropriateness.

FDA · Withdrawn accelerated approvals

Tacrine

Withdrawn from U.S. market · 2012-2013

Cognex · discontinued

Former mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s dementia treatment

The first cholinesterase inhibitor FDA-approved for Alzheimer’s disease; later replaced by safer options.

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What it is: The first cholinesterase inhibitor FDA-approved for Alzheimer’s disease; later replaced by safer options.
FDA status / limitation: FDA approved tacrine in 1993. Marketing in the U.S. later stopped because of liver toxicity and better-tolerated alternatives.
Typical use: Historical context only - not a current U.S. treatment option.
Safety flags: Hepatotoxicity required frequent liver-enzyme monitoring; newer cholinesterase inhibitors do not share that limitation.

Mayo Clinic · Tacrine

Clinical trials

Recruiting studies and landmark trials.

Active recruiting studies plus landmark historical trials from ClinicalTrials.gov. A registry listing is not a recommendation to join a study. Discuss eligibility with a clinician. Investigational products are not FDA-approved for dementia unless a label says otherwise.

Filter by dementia type and status, or search location text from ClinicalTrials.gov. This site deep-links to NCT records; it does not enroll participants or invent eligibility.

Landmark · positivePhase 3

CLARITY AD

Lecanemab

Alzheimer's, MCI

The pivotal trial behind FDA traditional approval of lecanemab (Leqembi) - the first anti-amyloid antibody to show both amyloid clearance and clinical slowing of decline.

Location: 247 sites · United States, Japan, China +11

NCT03887455View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Landmark · positivePhase 3

TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2

Donanemab

Alzheimer's, MCI

The pivotal trial for donanemab (Kisunla) - showed 35% slowing of decline in the low/medium tau population and pioneered amyloid-guided treatment discontinuation.

Location: 274 sites · United States, Japan, Canada +6

NCT04437511View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Landmark · negativePhase 3

ENGAGE

Aducanumab

Alzheimer's, MCI

One of the two pivotal aducanumab trials - stopped early for futility in 2019, later controversially reanalysed to support accelerated approval.

Location: 181 sites · United States, Japan, Italy +11

NCT02477800View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Landmark · mixedPhase 3

EMERGE

Aducanumab

Alzheimer's, MCI

The companion to ENGAGE - post-hoc reanalysis suggested benefit in high-dose group, but trial was stopped for futility alongside ENGAGE.

Location: 180 sites · United States, Japan, Germany +10

NCT02484547View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Landmark · negativePhase 3

EXPEDITION 3

Solanezumab

Alzheimer's

The third large solanezumab trial - failed to show cognitive benefit despite targeting soluble amyloid, leading Lilly to abandon the program.

Location: 131 sites · United States, Canada, Japan +19

NCT02051608View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Landmark · negativePhase 3

CREAD

Crenezumab

Alzheimer's

Large anti-amyloid trial stopped early for futility - contributed to debate about whether amyloid clearance alone is sufficient.

Location: 196 sites · United States, Spain, Japan +27

NCT02670083View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Landmark · negativePhase 3

GRADUATE I

Gantenerumab

Alzheimer's, MCI

Despite robust amyloid clearance, gantenerumab failed to slow cognitive decline - raising questions about amyloid timing and target engagement.

Location: 172 sites · United States, China, Japan +12

NCT03444870View on ClinicalTrials.gov

WithdrawnPhase 4

ADUHELM Confirmatory (ENVISION)

Aducanumab

Alzheimer's

The required confirmatory trial for aducanumab was never completed - Biogen withdrew Aduhelm from the US market in 2024.

Location: 297 sites · United States, Japan, Germany +17

NCT04241068View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

Remternetug DIAD Study

Remternetug

ADAD

Testing remternetug in people with genetic mutations causing early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Location: 37 sites · United States, France, Canada +12

NCT06647498View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

Donanemab + RG6289 PSEN1 E280A Study

Donanemab, RG6289

ADAD

Testing combination of anti-amyloid and anti-tau therapies in Colombian kindred with PSEN1 mutation.

Location: Medellín, Colombia

NCT06996730View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

Remternetug SC in Genetic Early-Onset AD

Remternetug (subcutaneous)

ADAD

Evaluating a subcutaneous formulation of remternetug in people with genetic early-onset AD.

Location: 37 sites · United States, France, Canada +12

NCT05552157View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

TRONTIER 2 (Trontinemab Early AD)

Trontinemab

Alzheimer's, MCI

Phase 3 trial of Roche's brain-shuttled anti-amyloid antibody designed to enhance brain penetration.

Location: 150 sites · United States, Germany, South Korea +13

NCT07170150View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Trontinemab Prevention Study

Trontinemab

Alzheimer's

Testing trontinemab for prevention in people with amyloid pathology but no symptoms yet.

Location: 7 sites · United States, Canada, China +1

NCT07717411View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Trontinemab Early Symptomatic AD

Trontinemab

Alzheimer's, MCI

Additional Phase 3 study of trontinemab in early symptomatic AD.

Location: 143 sites · United States, China, Germany +10

NCT07169578View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Donanemab Continuation Study

Donanemab

Alzheimer's

Long-term follow-up study for participants who completed donanemab trials.

Location: 59 sites · United States, Japan, Puerto Rico

NCT07602582View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Donanemab China Study

Donanemab

Alzheimer's

Registration study for donanemab in Chinese population.

Location: China · 30 sites

NCT07571161View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2

TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 7 (Lewy + Amyloid)

Donanemab

Lewy body, Alzheimer's

Testing whether amyloid clearance benefits people with Lewy body dementia who also have amyloid pathology.

Location: 72 sites · United States, Japan, South Korea +1

NCT07589595View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2

SAR448851 Early AD Study

SAR448851

Alzheimer's, MCI

Sanofi's Phase 2 trial of a novel anti-amyloid therapy.

Location: 11 sites · United States, Australia, Japan

NCT07688213View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

Huperzine A CR Mild-Moderate AD

Huperzine A Controlled-Release

Alzheimer's

Testing a controlled-release formulation of the natural cholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A.

Location: Beijing, China

NCT07066826View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

EXV-802/EXV-801 Agitation in AD

EXV-802, EXV-801

Alzheimer's

Testing novel agents for agitation in Alzheimer's disease.

Location: 49 sites · Poland, United States, Italy +6

NCT07284472View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

ACP-204 AD Psychosis

ACP-204

Alzheimer's

Next-generation pimavanserin analogue for hallucinations and delusions in AD.

Location: 149 sites · United States, Brazil, Serbia +9

NCT06159673View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

ADEPT-4 (KarXT for AD Psychosis)

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Phase 3 trial of the muscarinic agonist KarXT for hallucinations and delusions in AD.

Location: 296 sites · United States, Japan, China +22

NCT06585787View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT + KarX-EC Safety/Efficacy

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Phase 3 study of KarXT formulations for neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Location: 22 sites · United Kingdom, United States, Canada +2

NCT06947941View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT Phase 3 (Xanomeline/Trospium)

Xanomeline/Trospium

Alzheimer's

Additional Phase 3 trial of KarXT for AD-related neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Location: 144 sites · United States, Ukraine, South Korea +11

NCT07011745View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT Phase 3 Companion

Xanomeline/Trospium

Alzheimer's

Companion Phase 3 study to support KarXT registration.

Location: 162 sites · United States, China, Romania +12

NCT07011732View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT Open-Label Extension

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Open-label extension providing continued KarXT access.

Location: 429 sites · United States, China, Japan +28

NCT05980949View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT + KarX-EC Efficacy/Safety

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Additional Phase 3 efficacy and safety study for KarXT.

Location: 127 sites · United States, Japan, France +14

NCT06976203View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT + KarX-EC Efficacy/Safety

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Additional Phase 3 efficacy and safety study for KarXT.

Location: 119 sites · United States, Germany, Canada +16

NCT06976216View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT Efficacy/Safety

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Phase 3 evaluation of KarXT for psychosis in Alzheimer's disease.

Location: 129 sites · United States, Serbia, Italy +10

NCT05511363View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT Long-Term Efficacy/Safety

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Long-term evaluation of KarXT efficacy and safety.

Location: 252 sites · United States, Romania, Ukraine +23

NCT06937229View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

KarXT Efficacy/Safety Study

KarXT

Alzheimer's

Phase 3 efficacy and safety study for KarXT.

Location: 154 sites · United States, China, United Kingdom +11

NCT06126224View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

NirsCure-03A Near-Infrared Light

NirsCure 6000

Alzheimer's

Testing near-infrared light device for cognitive symptoms in mild-moderate AD.

Location: China · 23 sites

NCT07262645View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase device

Photobiomodulation in MCI/Mild AD

Photobiomodulation (PBMT)

MCI, Alzheimer's

Device study of photobiomodulation for MCI and early AD.

Location: Beijing, China

NCT07835399View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase device

tACS in Lewy Body Dementia

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)

Lewy body

Testing electrical brain stimulation for cognitive symptoms in Lewy body dementia.

Location: Brescia, Italy · Trieste, Italy

NCT07375771View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Deep Cervical Lymphatic-Venous Anastomosis

Surgical lymphatic-venous anastomosis

Alzheimer's

Surgical procedure to enhance brain waste clearance through lymphatic drainage.

Location: Hangzhou, China

NCT06530732View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Tylex Analgesic in Dementia

Tylex

Multiple types

Evaluating analgesic management in people with dementia who cannot self-report pain.

Location: Beijing, China

NCT07323914View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

Acoramidis ATTR Prevention

Acoramidis

Alzheimer's

Preventing TTR amyloid-related dementia with acoramidis.

Location: 104 sites · United States, Italy, Spain +21

NCT06563895View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

GnRH Therapy in Down Syndrome

GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone)

Down syndrome, Alzheimer's

Testing pulsatile GnRH therapy to improve cognition in Down syndrome.

Location: Lausanne, Switzerland

NCT04390646View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

BEACON Biomarker Study

Amyloid PET, Tau PET

Alzheimer's, MCI

Large biomarker study tracking amyloid and tau progression with cognition.

Location: Irvine, California

NCT03860857View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 2/3

Imaging PD/MSA/DLB vs AD

[18F]-MFBG and other tracers

Lewy body, Alzheimer's

Developing imaging methods to differentiate Lewy body conditions from AD.

Location: Ghent, Belgium · Leuven, Belgium

NCT06120049View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

[18F]-APN-1607 Tau PET Concordance

[18F]-APN-1607 PET tracer

Alzheimer's

Evaluating a tau PET tracer for diagnostic concordance.

Location: Beijing, China

NCT07752784View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

P-tau217 AD Biomarker Epidemiology

P-tau217 blood test

Alzheimer's, MCI

Large epidemiological study of blood-based tau biomarker for AD screening.

Location: 4 sites · Japan, United States

NCT07142954View on ClinicalTrials.gov

RecruitingPhase 3

[18F]-PI-2620 Tau PET in FTLD/Atypical AD

[18F]-PI-2620 Tau PET

FTD, Alzheimer's

Evaluating tau PET tracer in FTD and atypical Alzheimer's presentations.

Location: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

NCT05456503View on ClinicalTrials.gov

Showing 43 of 43 trials (no duplicates)

Search more on Alzheimers.gov →

Diet & activity

Lifestyle habits with evidence behind them.

These are risk-reduction and brain-health strategies from major public guidelines and trials - not FDA-approved treatments and not a substitute for diagnosis or medical care.

Talk with a clinician before large changes in exercise or diet, especially with heart disease, frailty, diabetes, or swallowing difficulty.

Physical activity

WHO recommendation

Regular movement is one of the strongest lifestyle recommendations for brain-health risk reduction.

WHO guidelines recommend physical activity for adults with normal cognition to reduce the risk of cognitive decline (moderate-quality evidence, strong recommendation). Activity may also be considered for adults with mild cognitive impairment (conditional recommendation).

This is risk-reduction guidance, not a cure or a substitute for medical care. A clinician should tailor exercise when mobility, heart disease, or fall risk is present.

WHO · Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia

Mediterranean-style eating

WHO + NIA

A Mediterranean-like pattern emphasizes plants, fish, olive oil, and limited red meat and sweets.

WHO says a Mediterranean-like diet may be recommended for adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment to reduce risk of cognitive decline and/or dementia (conditional). NIA notes observational links between Mediterranean-style eating and better cognitive outcomes, while stressing that more definitive trial evidence is still needed.

No single food is proven to prevent Alzheimer’s. Discuss major diet changes with a clinician or dietitian, especially with diabetes, kidney disease, or swallowing problems.

NIA · Diet and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease

MIND diet

Observational + trial nuance

MIND blends Mediterranean and DASH patterns, with extra emphasis on leafy greens and berries.

Observational work associated higher MIND adherence with slower cognitive decline and lower Alzheimer’s incidence. A three-year randomized trial in older adults at risk found only small cognitive improvements that were similar to a mild calorie-restricted control diet - so benefits are promising but not proven as a disease-preventing prescription.

Useful as a heart-healthy pattern; do not treat it as guaranteed dementia prevention.

NIA · MIND diet evidence summary

Structured lifestyle programs

U.S. POINTER trial

Combining exercise, diet, cognitive/social challenge, and health monitoring helped cognition more than self-guided tips alone.

In the Alzheimer’s Association-led U.S. POINTER trial (~2,100 older adults at elevated risk), both lifestyle arms improved global cognition over two years, and the structured program - prescribed aerobic/resistance exercise, MIND diet goals, cognitive and social activity, plus health monitoring - improved cognition more than a self-guided approach.

POINTER measured cognitive change, not dementia diagnoses. Results support structured habits for at-risk older adults; they do not prove dementia can be prevented for every person.

Alzheimer’s Association · U.S. POINTER study overview

Vitamins and supplements

What not to expect

Routine B/E vitamins, omega-3 pills, or ginkgo are not established dementia-prevention treatments.

WHO recommends against vitamins B and E, polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements, and multi-complex supplementation specifically to reduce cognitive decline or dementia risk. NIA likewise states that no vitamin or supplement has been proven to prevent Alzheimer’s, though research on multivitamins and memory continues.

Supplements can interact with medicines and are not risk-free. Ask a clinician before starting anything new.

WHO · Nutritional interventions for risk reduction

How to use this page

Questions worth bringing to the appointment.

Does the diagnosis and stage match the population studied for this option?
What benefit is realistic, and how will we know whether it is helping?
What monitoring, travel, scans, labs, or support would treatment require?
Which current medicines, conditions, or symptoms change the safety picture?